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Uterus Didelphys

 Uterus Didelphys



Overview

Uterus didelphys is a rare condition where a person develops two uteruses. It’s also called a double uterus. A double uterus is a congenital abnormality that you are born with. Your two uterine cavities are narrower than the cavity of a typical uterus. Each uterus has its own fallopian tube and ovary.

A uterus starts as two ducts in a developing fetus. Eventually, these ducts join together to create the uterus. Your uterus is one hollow organ and looks like an upside-down pear. If you have uterus didelphys, the two ducts don’t join together. Instead, each duct creates its own uterus, which means you have two. Some people with a double uterus may also have two cervixes and two vaginal canals. Instead of having a pear-shaped uterus, if you have uterus didelphys, your uteruses resemble bananas.

Symptoms

Most people don’t know they have uterus didelphys because it doesn’t cause any symptoms. Instead, it’s discovered during a routine pelvic exam or during investigation for recurrent miscarriages or severe menstrual pain.

If you’re experiencing symptoms from uterus didelphys, you might have:

Pain during sex.

Painful cramping before and during your period.

Heavy bleeding during your period.

Leaking blood when using a tampon (tampon is only in one vaginal canal and not the other).

Frequent miscarriages.

Preterm labor.

Causes

Uterus didelphys occurs when two ducts (the Mullerian ducts) don’t fuse properly during development. These ducts usually join to create one uterus. If you have a double uterus, the ducts didn’t join and each duct turned into its own uterus. Some people will also have two vaginas and two cervixes. Healthcare providers aren’t entirely sure why Mullerian ducts fail to fuse in some people.

Diagnosis

Your healthcare provider may diagnose a double uterus during a routine pelvic exam after feeling two cervixes or two vaginas. They’ll likely order additional imaging tests to confirm uterus didelphys.

Imaging tests will be used to further examine the size and shape of your double uterus and confirm the diagnosis. Some tests your healthcare provider will recommend are:

Ultrasound. Your healthcare provider will get images of your uterus with an abdominal or transvaginal ultrasound. A transvaginal ultrasound is when a wand is inserted into your vagina.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI scanners produce high-quality images of your uterus using a magnetic field and radio waves.

Sonohysterogram. Your provider inserts a thin catheter into each uterus and injects saline into the cavity. Then, they perform a transvaginal ultrasound to get images of the cavity as the fluid travels through your cervix and into your uterus.

Hysterosalpingography. A special dye is inserted into each uterus. Then, your provider uses X-ray to get images as the dye moves through your cervix and into your uterus.

Treatment

Observation: Many cases need no treatment. 

Surgery: May be needed for associated problems like a vaginal septum or for obstetric failures. 

Pregnancy Care: Requires careful monitoring, often leading to C-section delivery. 

Type of Doctor Department : A Gynecologist , a Fertility Specialist or Reproductive Endocrinologist

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