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Blue Diaper Syndrome

Overview


Blue diaper syndrome is a rare, genetic metabolic disorder characterized by the incomplete intestinal breakdown of tryptophan, a dietary nutrient. Symptoms typically include digestive disturbances, fever, irritability and visual difficulties. Some children with blue diaper syndrome may also develop kidney disease.




Symptoms

Symptoms of blue diaper syndrome may include irritability, constipation, poor appetite, vomiting, and the failure to grow and gain weight at the expected rate (failure to thrive). Some children with Blue diaper syndrome may have frequent fevers and intestinal infections.




Treatment

Standard Therapies

Children with blue diaper syndrome may be put on a diet that restricts their intake of calcium. It is hoped that a calcium restricted diet may help to prevent kidney damage. The diet should also be low in protein and the amount of vitamin D should be limited.



Diagnosis and Management of Blue Diaper Syndrome

A thorough clinical evaluation, followed by an examination of patient history, the identification of distinctive symptoms, and the demonstration of indican in a fresh urine sample (indicanuria) are all used to make a diagnosis of blue diaper syndrome. Other diagnostic tests involve examination for eye and kidney function and determination of calcium level in the body. Obermeyer test can also be conducted to determine the overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria in the gut, which may occur as a result of excessive tryptophan degradation.

A calcium-restricted diet may be prescribed for children with blue diaper syndrome as it is thought to help avoid kidney injury. Protein should be minimized in the diet, as should the amount of vitamin D. Antibiotics may be used to decrease or remove specific bacteria in the intestine. Nicotinic acid may also help to prevent infections in the intestine. Turkey and warm milk, for example, are high in tryptophan and should be avoided.

Antibiotics are also given as part of the treatment to try to keep the level of bacteria in the intestine under control. Treatment for eye and kidney problems is also important. Affected individuals and their families will benefit from genetic counseling. Symptomatic and supportive treatment is the only other option.



Prognosis and Prevention of Blue Diaper Syndrome

As Blue Diaper Syndrome is a genetic disorder, there are currently no clear procedures or guidelines for preventing it. Prenatal diagnosis (molecular testing of the fetus during pregnancy) and genetic testing of the expecting parents (and associated family members) may aid in a better understanding of the dangers throughout pregnancy. If the illness runs in the family, genetic counseling can assist in determining the risks before starting a family. The severity of the signs and symptoms determines the prognosis of Blue Diaper Syndrome. Children who have minor signs and symptoms have a better prognosis than those who have a serious illness. Individuals who follow a healthy diet and stay on antibiotics have a favorable outlook.



What is blue diaper syndrome also called?

Other Names: Hypercalcemia, familial, with nephrocalcinosis and indicanuriaHypercalcemia, familial, with nephrocalcinosis and indicanuria.



What is the other name for blue diaper syndrome?

Blue diaper syndrome (BDS), also known as Drummond's Syndrome, is an extremely rare metabolic disorder, first described in 1964. It is a genetic disorder with an autosomal or x-linked recessive pattern of inheritance.



Why do diapers turn blue?

Huggies® diapers feature a wetness indicator that will react to small volumes of fluid and is visible in low light conditions, letting you know when it is time to change the diaper. When wet, the line that is visible on the outside of the diaper will change from a light-yellow color to a blue/green color.



What Colour is urine with kidney damage?

Light-brown or tea-colored urine can be a sign of kidney disease/failure or muscle breakdown.



Do diapers turn blue when wet?

Wetness Indicator The wetness indicator is a colored line on the diaper that turns from yellow to blue to let you know when it may be time for a change. Shaped for Newborns A cutout on the front of the diaper goes around your baby's umbilical area.




Which diaper is best in India?

Top Rated Baby Diaper Brands in India

1.Pampers. ...

2.Best in Anti-Rash: Pampers All round Protection Pants. ...

3.Best for Absorption: MamyPoko Pants Extra Absorb. ...

4.Huggies. ...

5.Best for Comfort: Huggies Complete Comfort Wonder Pants. ...

6.Himalaya. ...

7.Best for Total Care: Himalaya Total Care Baby Pants Diapers. ...

8.Little Angel.
































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